Acoustic Playback Stimulus Experiment to Study Mating Behavioral Responses of Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Ayu Purnamasari, Susilo Hadi, Suputa Suputa

Abstract


The melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae is serious pest attacks fruits and vegetables. The manipulation of male mating behavior that displays acoustic signals is one of the steps in the behavior-based control strategy of B. cucurbitae. The first study period determines the courtship song characteristics, frequency, and occurrence time. The recording was carried out when B. cucurbitae was mated using recording devices at 04.00–07.00 pm. The results show three sounds produced before copulation, namely, calling, courtship, and stimulating, with frequencies 274.30 ± 3.29 Hz, 284.65 ± 2.00 Hz, and 304.36 ± 1.82 Hz. B. cucurbitae courtship song began at 04.00–06.26 pm. The second study was performed to determine the effect of experimental acoustic playback stimulus on the selection of mating pairs by females. The acoustic playback stimulus is made synthetically by playback of two channels, namely, calling and courtship sounds, with frequencies of 274 and 284 Hz at a sound pressure level (SPL) of 85 dB. The experimental results of acoustic playback stimulus show that the sexual behavior of female B. cucurbitae was disrupted and marked by the decreased number of copulations during SPL is high, resulting in the overlapping calling and courtship sounds frequencies that impair signal detection.

Keywords


Acoustic signal; Amplitude; Bactrocera cucurbitae; Mating behavior; Sound pressure level

Full Text:

PDF

References


Benelli, G., Daane, K. M., Canale, A., Niu, C.-Y., Messing, R. H., & Vargas, R. I. (2014). Sexual communication and related behaviours in Tephritidae: current knowledge and potential applications for integrated pest management. Journal of Pest Science, 87(3), 385–405. DOI

Bennet-Clark, H. C. (1998). Size and scale effects as constraints in insect sound communication. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 353(1367), 407–419. DOI

Beranek, L. L. (1988). Acoustical measurement (2nd ed.). New York, USA: Acoustical Society of America. Retrieved from website

Boettiger, E. G., & Furshpan, E. (1952). The mechanics of flight movements in Diptera. The Biological Bulletin, 102(3), 200–211. DOI

Bradbury, J. W. (1981). The evolution of leks. In R. D. Alexander, & D. W. Tinkle (Eds), Natural Selection and Social Behavior (pp. 138–169). New York, USA: Chiron Press. Retrieved from website

Bradbury, J. W., & Vehrencamp, S. L. (2011). Principles of animal communication (2nd ed.). Massachusetts, USA: Sinauer Associates, Inc. Retrieved from website

Briscoe, A. D., & Chittka, L. (2001). The evolution of color vision in insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 46(1), 471–510. DOI

CABI. (2022). Datasheet report for Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly). Invasive Species Compendium. Retrieved from website

Campion, D. G., Critchley, B. R., & McVeigh, L. J. (1989). Mating disruption. In A. R. Jutsum, & R. F. S. Gordon (Eds.), Insect Pheromones in Plant Protection (pp. 89-122). Chicester: John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved from website

Charif, R. A., Waack, A. M., & Strickman, L. M. (2010). Raven Pro 1.4 user's manual. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved from website

Clarke, A. R. (2019). Biology and management of Bactrocera and related fruit flies. Victoria, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. Retrieved from website

Čokl, A. A., & Millar, J. G. (2009). Manipulation of insect signaling for monitoring and control of pest insects. In I. Ishaaya, & A. R. Horowitz (Eds), Biorational Control of Arthropod Pests (pp 279–316). Dordrecht: Springer. DOI

Dhillon, M. K., Singh, R., Naresh, J. S., & Sharma, H. C. (2005). The melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae: A review of its biology and management. Journal of Insect Science, 5(1), 40. DOI

Gerhardt, H. C. (1991). Female mate choice in treefrogs: static and dynamic acoustic criteria. Animal Behaviour, 42(4), 615–635. DOI

Gerhardt, H. C., & Huber, F. (2002). Acoustic communication in insects and anurans: common problems and diverse solutions. Chicago, USA: University of Chicago Press. Retrieved from website

Hopp S. L., & Morton E. S. (1998). Sound playback studies. In S. L. Hopp, M. J. Owren, & C. S. Evans (Eds.), Animal Acoustic Communication (pp. 323-352). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. DOI

Iwahashi, O., & Majima, T. (1986). Lek formation and male-male competition in the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett: Diptera: Tephritidae. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 21(1), 70–75. DOI

K. Lisa Yang Center for Conservation Bioacoustics. (2022). Raven Pro: Interactive sound analysis software (Version 1.6.2) [Computer Software]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University. Retrieved from website

Kanmiya, K. (1988). Acoustic studies on the mechanism of sound production in the mating songs of the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Ethology, 6(2), 143–151. DOI

Kanmiya, K. (2006). Communication by vibratory signals in Diptera. In S. Drosopoulos, & M. F. Claridge (Eds.), Insect Sounds and Communication: Physiology, Behaviour, Ecology, and Evolution (pp. 381–396). Boca Raton, USA: CRC Press. Retrieved from website

Kanmiya, K., Tanaka, A., Kamiwada, H., Nakagawa, K., & Nishioka, T. (1987). Time-domain analysis of the male courtship songs produced by wild, mass-reared, and by irradiated melon flies, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology, 22(2), 181–194. DOI

Keiser, I., Kobayashi, R. M., Chambers, D., & Schneider, E. L. (1973). Relation of sexual dimorphism in the wings, potential stridulation, and illumination to mating of oriental fruit flies, melon flies, and mediterranean fruit flies in Hawaii. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 66(5), 937–941. DOI

King, M. J., & Buchmann, S. L. (1996). Sonication dispensing of pollen from Solanum laciniatum flowers. Functional Ecology, 10(4), 449–456. DOI

Klappert, K., Samarra, F., Miller, P., & Brumm, H. (2009). Background noise constrains communication: acoustic masking of courtship song in the fruit fly Drosophila montana. Behaviour, 146(12), 1635-1648. DOI

Kuba, H., & Koyama, J. (1982). Mating behavior of the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae): comparative studies of one wild and two laboratory strains. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 17(4), 559–568. DOI

Kuba, H., & Koyama, J. (1985). Mating behavior of wild melon flies, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae) in a field cage: courtship behavior. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 20(4), 365–372. DOI

Kuba, H., Koyama, J., & Prokopy, R. J. (1984). Mating behavior of wild melon flies, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae) in a field cage: distribution and behavior of flies. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 19(3), 367–373. DOI

Mankin, R. W., Hagstrum, D. W., Smith, M. T., Roda, A. L., & Kairo, M. T. K. (2011). Perspective and promise: a century of insect acoustic detection and monitoring. American Entomologist, 57(1), 30–44. DOI

Mankin, R. W., Lemon, M., Harmer, A. M. T., Evans, C. S., & Taylor, P. W. (2008). Time-pattern and frequency analyses of sounds produced by irradiated and untreated male Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae) during mating behavior. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 101(3), 664–674. DOI

McGregor, P. K., Catchpole, C. K., Dabelsteen, T., Falls, J. B., Fusani, L., Gerhardt, H. C., … Weary, D. M. (1992). Design of playback experiments: The Thornbridge Hall NATO ARW consensus. In P. K. McGregor (Ed.), Playback and Studies of Animal Communication (pp. 1–9). Boston, MA: Springer. DOI

McQuate, G. T., Liquido, N. J., & Nakamichi, K. A. (2017). Annotated world bibliography of host plants of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Insecta Mundi, 527, 1–339. Retrieved from website

Miyatake, T., & Kanmiya, K. (2004). Male courtship song in circadian rhythm mutants of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Tephritidae: Diptera). Journal of Insect Physiology, 50(1), 85–91. DOI

Morton, E. S. (1975). Ecological sources of selection on avian sounds. The American Naturalist, 109(965), 17–34. DOI

Rosenthal, G. G. (2019). The use of playbacks in behavioral experiments. In J. C. Choe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior (2nd ed., pp. 529-534). Academic Press. DOI

Ryan, M. J., & Brenowitz, E. A. (1985). The role of body size, phylogeny, and ambient noise in the evolution of bird song. The American Naturalist, 126(1), 87–100. DOI

Sivinski, J. M. (1993). Longevity and fecundity in the caribbean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae): effects of mating, strain and body size. The Florida Entomologist, 76(4), 635–644. DOI

Sivinski, J., & Webb, J. C. (1986). Changes in a caribbean fruit fly acoustic signal with social situation (Diptera: Tephritidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 79(1), 146–149. DOI

Sivinski, J., Burk, T., & Webb, J. C. (1984). Acoustic courtship signals in the caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew). Animal Behaviour, 32(4), 1011–1016. DOI

Stapells, D. R., Picton, T. W., & Smith, A. D. (1982). Normal hearing thresholds for clicks. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 72(1), 74–79. DOI

Sugimoto, A. (1979). Smoke emission by the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology, 23(1), 40–42. DOI

Suzuki, Y., & Koyama, J. (1980). Temporal aspects of mating behavior of the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae): a comparison between laboratory and wild strains. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 15(3), 215–224. DOI

Vargas, R. I., Miyashita, D., & Nishida, T. (1984). Life history and demographic parameters of three laboratory-reared tephritids (Diptera: Tephritidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 77(6), 651–656. DOI

Vargas, R. I., Piñero, J. C., & Leblanc, L. (2015). An overview of pest species of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the integration of biopesticides with other biological approaches for their management with a focus on the Pacific region. Insects, 6(2), 297–318. DOI

Walker, T. J. (1988). Acoustic traps for agriculturally important insects. The Florida Entomologist, 71(4), 484–492. DOI

Walker, T. J. (1996). Acoustic methods of monitoring and manipulating insect pests and their natural enemies. In D. Rosen, F. D. Bennett, & J. L. Capinera (Eds.), Pest Management in the Subtropics: Integrated Pest Management – A Florida Perspective (pp. 245–257). Andover, UK: Intercept Ltd. Retrieved from PDF

Webb, J. C., Calkins, C. O., Chambers, D. L., Schwienbacher, W., & Russ, K. (1983). Acoustical aspects of behavior of mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata: analysis and identification of courtship sounds. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 33(1), 1–8. DOI

Webb, J. C., Sharp, J. L., Chambers, D. L., McDow, J. J., & Benner, J. C. (1976). Analysis and identification of sounds produced by the male caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 69(3), 415–420. DOI

Webb, J. C., Sivinski, J., & Litzkow, C. (1984). Acoustical behavior and sexual success in the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Environmental Entomology, 13(3), 650–656. DOI

White, I. M., & Elson-Harris, M. M. (1992). Fruit flies of economic significance: their identification and bionomics. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CAB International. Retrieved from website

Wilkins, M. R., Seddon, N., & Safran, R. J. (2013). Evolutionary divergence in acoustic signals: causes and consequences. Trends in ecology & evolution, 28(3), 156-166. DOI

Wong, T. T. Y., McInnis, D. O., & Nishimoto, J. I. (1986). Melon fly (Diptera: Tephritidae): sexual maturation rates and mating responses of laboratory-reared and wild flies. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 79(4), 605–609. DOI




DOI: http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v44i3.3789

Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.