Clustering of Five Sweet Tamarind Based on Fruit Characteristic

Fitriana Nasution, Chinawat Yapwattanaphun

Abstract


Morphological and genetic characterization of tamarind are useful and important for breeding, commercialization and gene bank management. The cultivars characterized in this study were Intapalum, Sritong, Prakaitong, Khantee and Srichompoo. The comparison of five sweet tamarind cultivars were carried out using ANOVA and DMRT with 0.05 of significant levels. The relationship between morphological characteristics was calculated by the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Phylogenetic analysis used NTSYSpc ver. 2.1 to generate a dendrogram of fruit characters. The quantitative characters (pod weight, pod diameter, and pod length) were significantly different. The biggest fruit was Sritong and the smallest was Khantee. Significant differences were shown on two qualitative characters such as pod shape and flesh color, while there were no significant difference on the seed shape, seed color and skin color. There were positive correlations among all quantitative pod characters of the samples. Pod weight was significantly correlated with pod diameter, however pod length and pod diameter were not significantly correlated. The similarity level from five sweet tamarind cultivars was 44-100 %.

Keywords


clustering; fruit characteristic; sweet tamarind

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adeyemi, R. A., Gana, A. S., & Yusuf, S. T. (2011). Biometrical character interrelationship and morphological variations in some upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 11(2), 4673–4687. Retrieved from http://www.ajfand.net/Volume11/No2/Adeyemi9505.pdf PDF

Babic, M., Babic, V., Prodanovic, S., Filipovic, M., & Andjelkovic, V. (2012). Comparison of morphological and molecular genetic distances of maize inbreds. Genetika, 44(1), 119–128. crossref

Bocianowski, J., Łuczkiewicz, T., Kozak, M., & Brzeskwiniewicz, H. (2008). Does genetic distance of parental forms affect specific combining ability and heterosis effects in F1 and F2 of spring rape diallel cross? Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 73(4), 211–215. Retrieved from https://acs.agr.hr/acs/index.php/acs/article/download/25/24 website

Cervantes, E., & Diego, J. G. de. (2010). Morphological description of plants: New perspectives in development and evolution. International Journal of Plant Developmental Biology, 4(1), 68–71. Retrieved from http://www.globalsciencebooks.info/Online/GSBOnline/images/2010/IJPDB_4(1)/IJPDB_4(1)68-71o.pdf PDF

Challapilli, A. P., Chimmad, V. P., & Hulamani, N. C. (1995). Studies on correlation between some fruit characters in tamarind fruits. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(1), 114–115. Retrieved from http://14.139.155.167/test5/index.php/kjas/article/viewFile/5926/6154 website

Cuyvers, L., Assawaphanichkul, O., Ekasittipol, T., Laphasuk, S., & Mhuensai, P. (2013). Market profile: Thailand’s export potentials of tamarinds to the USA. Bangkok. Retrieved from https://www.uantwerpen.be/images/uantwerpen/container2626/files/CAS en ASEAN/ASEAN33.pdf PDF

Diallo, B. O., Mckey, D., Chevallier, M. H., Joly, H. I., & Hossaert-Mckey, M. (2008). Breeding system and pollination biology of the semi-domesticated fruit tree, Tamarindus indica L. (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae): Implications for fruit production, selective breeding, and conservation of genetic resources. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(22), 4068–4075. Retrieved from http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-57149088485&partnerID=40&md5=63cff76eb3ec5da7b001aff3cca104cc website

El-Siddig, K., Gunesana, H. P. M., Prasad, B. A., Pushpukumara, D. K. N. G., Ramana, K. V. R., Vijayananand, P., & Williams, J. T. (2006). Fruits for the future 1 – Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) (Revised). Southampton, UK: Southampton Centre for Underutilized Crops.

Fatahi, R., Ebadi, A., Vezvaei, A., Zamani, Z., & Ghanadha, M. R. (2004). Relationship among quantitative and qualitative characters in 90 grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cultivars. Acta Horticulturae 640, 275-282. crossref

Kolluru, R., Rao, A. R., Prabhakaran, V. T., Selvi, A., & Mohapatra, T. (2007). Comparative evaluation of clustering techniques for establishing AFLP based genetic relationship among sugarcane cultivars. Journal of the Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics, 61(1), 51–65. Retrieved from http://www.isas.org.in/jsp/volume/vol61/rameshkolluruscan0002.pdf PDF

Komkhuntod, R., Karintanyakit, P., Suvittawat, K., Tanongjid, K., & Wanichkul, K. (2012). Germplasm surveying collection and identification of tamarind (Tamarindus indica Linn.) in Thailand. In Proceedings of 50th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Agricultural Extension and Home Economics, Plants (pp. 341–348). Bangkok, TH: Kasetsart University. Retrieved from https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123323045 website

Maenthaisong, R., Chaiyakunapruk, N., Warnnissorn, P., & Viyoch, J. (2009). Cleansing lotion containing tamarind fruit pulp extract. III. Study of lightening efficacy and skin irritation on Asian skin type. ScienceAsia, 35(1), 24–30. crossref

Nandini, R., & Ratan, T. (2012). Peculiar features, ageless wonders and the complex biodiversity of nallur tamarind heritage site. Bionano Frontier, 228–232. Retrieved from http://bionanofrontier.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/SPECIALISSUEECOREVOLUTIONAUGUST-2012/60 R NANDINI.pdf PDF

Nandini, R., Singh, T., & Dhanapal, G. (2011). Morphometric and molecular diversity studies in tamarind (Tamarindus indica Linn.) population. Journal of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, 2(2), 26–33. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ratan_Telem/publication/229163412_Morphometric_and_Molecular_Diversity_Studies_in_Tamarind_Tamarindus_indica_Linn_population/links/09e415007869a42c1c000000.pdf?origin=publication_detail website

Nemati, Z., Tehranifar, A., Farsi, M., Kakhki, A. M., Nemati, H., & Khayat, M. (2012). Evaluation of genetic diversity of Iranian pomegranate cultivars using fruit morphological characteristics and AFLP markers. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 40(1), 261–268. Retrieved from http://profdoc.um.ac.ir/paper-abstract-1029012.html website

Okello, J. (2010). Morphological and nutritional characteristics of Tamarindus Indica (LINN) fruits in Uganda. Unpublished master's thesis, Makerere University, Uganda.

Omujal, F., Bigirimana, C., Isubikalu, P., Malinga, M., Bizuru, E., Namutebi, A., … Okullo, J. B. L. (2014). Morphological and physico-chemical characteristics of Saba comorensis: A highly preferred Lake Victoria basin indigenous fruit tree in Busia District, Eastern Uganda. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 2(2), 127–136. Retrieved from http://www.plantsjournal.com/vol2Issue2/Issue_feb_2014/15.1.pdf PDF

Redalen, G. (1988). Quality assessment of apple cultivars and selections. Acta Horticulture 224, 441-448. crossref

Santos, R. C., Pires, J. L., & Correa, R. X. (2012). Morphological characterization of leaf, flower, fruit and seed traits among Brazilian Theobroma L. species. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 59(3), 327–345. crossref

Sarkhosh, A., Zamani, Z., Fatahi, R., Tabatabaei, S. Z., & Akrami, M. R. (2009). Study on relationships among quantitative and qualitative characteristics of fruit components of pomegranate genotypes. Acta Horticulturae 818, 233-238. crossref

Singh, D., Wangchu, L., & Moond, S. K. (2007). Processed products of tamarind. Natural Product Radiance, 6(4), 315–321. Retrieved from http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/7878/1/NPR 6(4) 315.321.pdf PDF

Suriyapananont, S. (1993). Identification of tamarind base on isozyme patterns in leaf. Unpublished master's thesis, Kasetsart University, Bangkok.

Swenson, U., & Anderberg, A. A. (2005). Phylogeny, character evolution, and classification of Sapotaceae (Ericales). Cladistics, 21(2), 101–130. crossref

Verheij, E. W. M. & Coronel, R. E. (1992). Plant resources of South-East Asia. No. 2, Edible fruits and nuts. Wageningen, Netherlands: Pudoc.

Zhigila, D. A., Abdulrahaman, A. A., Kolawole, O. S., & Oladele, F. A. (2014). Fruit morphology as taxonomic features in five varieties of Capsicum annuum L. Solanaceae. Journal of Botany, 2014, 1–6. crossref




DOI: http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v39i1.857

Copyright (c) 2016 AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.