Study of Five Clones with Combinations of Growth Regulators Based on Growth and Anatomical Characteristics of Rubber Plant (Hevea brasiliensis L.)

Try Koryati, Wiwik Yunidawati, Radite Tistama, Nurhayati Nurhayati, Mazlina Mazlina, Rosmaiti Rosmaiti

Abstract


As an export commodity, rubber is a major contributor to Indonesia's foreign exchange. Regarding the increase in rubber production, a study on combinations of growth regulators and rubber clones has been carried out based on plant growth and anatomical characteristics during the immature plant period. This research is conducted for eighteen months at the KSO Karang Inong plantations, PTPN-I, and PTPN-III, East Aceh District, using five clones. This study adopts a nested design with three factors: clones, Growth Regulators (GRs), and paclobutrazol. The clones used are PB 260, IRR 104, IRR 112, IRR 39, and 105. The GRs combination factor between IAA and Kinetin consists of seven levels and three levels of paclobutrazol. The results show that the rubber clones PB260 and IRR105 give higher stem girth and plant height than the other clones when applied with GRs at six different levels. The most expansive leaf area is found in clone IRR 104 compared to other clones. In addition, paclobutrazol affects plant height. Applying paclobutrazol can reduce plant height for all clones but increases stem girth, skin thickness, number and diameter of latex vessels, and total chlorophyll at 46 months after treatment.


Keywords


Hormones; Paclobutrazol; Plant Growth Regulatory Substance; Rubber clone

Full Text:

PDF

References


Anwar, C. (2006). Manajemen dan teknologi budidaya karet. Tekno Ekonomi Agribisnis Karet, 1–24.

Arnao, M. B., & Hernández-Ruiz, J. (2018). Melatonin and its relationship to plant hormones. In Annals of Botany (Vol. 121, Issue 2, pp. 195–207). Oxford University Press. DOI

Boerhendhy, I., & Amypalupy, K. (2011). Optimalisasi Produktivitas Karet melalui Penggunaan Bahan Tanam, Pemeliharaan, Sistem Eksploitasi, dan Peremajaan Tanaman. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 30(1), 23–30.

Bozsó, Z., & Barna, B. (2021). Diverse Effect of Two Cytokinins, Kinetin and Benzyladenine, on Plant Development, Biotic Stress Tolerance, and Gene Expression. Life, 11(12). DOI

Celik, I., & Tuluce, Y. (2006). Effects of indoleacetic acid and Kinetin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense in various tissues of rats. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 84(1), 49–54. DOI

Daslin, A. (2014). Perkembangan penelitian klon karet unggul IRR seri 100 sebagai penghasil lateks dan kayu. Warta Perkaretan, 33(1), 1. DOI

Daslin, A., Baihaki, A., Danakusuma, M.T., and Murdaningsih, H. (1987). Interaksi Genotipe x Lingkungan pada karet dan peranannya dalam seleksi klon. Buletin Perkaretan BPP Sungai Putih, 4(1), 23-27.

Davis, T.D., Seffens, G.L., & Sankhla, N. (1988). Triazol Plant Growth Regulator. Horticultural Reviews, 10, 64-89. DOI

Desta, B., & Amare, G. (2021). Paclobutrazol as a plant growth regulator. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 8(1), 1–15. DOI

Ditjenbun. (2018). Tree crops estate statistics of Indonesia from 2015 to 2017: Rubber. In Ditjenbun, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia.

du Jardin, P. (2015). Plant biostimulants: Definition, concept, main categories and regulation. Scientia Horticulturae, 196, 3–14. DOI

Gonçalves, P. de S., Júnior, E. J. S., Martins, M. A., Moreno, R. M. B., Branco, R. B. F., & Gonçalves, E. C. P. (2011). Assessment of growth and yield performance of rubber tree clones of the IAC 500 series. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 46(12), 1643–1649. DOI

Gutiérrez-Vanegas, A. J., Correa-Pinilla, D. E., Gil-Restrepo, J. P., López-Hernández, F. G., Guerra-Hincapié, J. J., & Córdoba-Gaona, O. de J. (2020). Foliar and flowering phenology of three rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) clones in the eastern plains of Colombia. Revista Brasileira de Botanica, 43(4), 813–821. DOI

ICI. (1986). Paclobutrazol Plant Growth Regulator for Fruit. Technical Data. UK: Plant Protection Devision Surrey

Koryati, T., Napitupulu, J. A., Siregar, L. A. M., & Nisa, T. C. (2015). Roles of Growth Regulator to Shorten The Immaturity Period In Some Rubber Clones. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 4(5), 162–168.

Novak, S. D., Luna, L. J., & Gamage, R. N. (2014). Role of auxin in orchid development. In Plant Signaling and Behavior (Vol. 9, Issue 10). Landes Bioscience. DOI

Okazawa, Y., Katsura, N., & Tagawa, T. (1967). Effects of Auxin and Kinetin on the Development and Differentiation of Potato Tissue Cultured in vitro. Physiologia Plantarum, 20(4), 862–869. DOI

Pasaribu, S. A., Basyuni, M., Purba, E., & Tistama, R. (2022). Growth and leaf anatomy of rubber clones (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) IRR 400 series toward drought stress. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 977(1). DOI

Pidlisnyuk, V., Stefanovska, T., Zhukov, O., Medkow, A., Shapoval, P., Stadnik, V., & Sozanskyi, M. (2022). Impact of Plant Growth Regulators to Development of the Second Generation Energy Crop Miscanthus × giganteus Produced Two Years in Marginal Post-Military Soil. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(2). DOI

Sant’Anna, I. de C., Gouvêa, L. R. L., Spitti, A. M. D. S., Martins, A. L. M., & Gonçalves, P. de S. (2020). Relationships between yield and some anatomical and morphological traits in rubber tree progenies. Industrial Crops and Products, 147(October 2019), 112221. DOI

Sehr, E. M., Agusti, J., Lehner, R., Farmer, E. E., Schwarz, M., & Greb, T. (2010). Analysis of secondary growth in the Arabidopsis shoot reveals a positive role of jasmonate signalling in cambium formation. Plant Journal, 63(5), 811–822. DOI

Shi, P., Liu, M., Yu, X., Gielis, J., & Ratkowsky, D. A. (2019). Proportional relationship between leaf area and the product of leaf length and width of four types of special leaf shapes. Forests, 10(2). DOI

Sponsel, V.M. (1987). Gibberellin Biosynthesis and Metabolism. In Davies, P.J. Plant Hormones and Their Role in Plant Growth and Development. Netherland: Martinus Bijhoff Publisher. DOI

Su, Y. H., Liu, Y. B., & Zhang, X. S. (2011). Auxin-cytokinin interaction regulates meristem development. Molecular Plant, 4(4), 616–625. DOI

Tesfahun, W. (2018). A review on: Response of crops to paclobutrazol application. Cogent Food and Agriculture, 4(1). DOI

Wang, H. (2020). Regulation of vascular cambium activity. Plant Science, 291(September 2019), 110322. DOI

Woelan, S., R. Tistama, & Aidi-Daslin. (2007). Determinasi keragaman genetik hasil persilangan inter populasi berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi dan teknik RAPD. J. Penel. Karet. 25 (1), 13-27

Woodward, A. W., & Bartel, B. (2005). Auxin: Regulation, action, and interaction. In Annals of Botany (Vol. 95, Issue 5, pp. 707–735). DOI

Yu, X., Shi, P., Schrader, J., & Niklas, K. J. (2020). Nondestructive estimation of leaf area for 15 species of vines with different leaf shapes. American Journal of Botany, 107(11), 1481–1490. DOI




DOI: http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v45i2.3951

Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.