Effects of Several Botanical Insecticides Applied in Different Periods to Control Aphids (Macrosiphoniella sanborni Gillete) on Chrysanthemum

Indijarto Budi Rahardjo, Dedi Hutapea, Budi Marwoto, Kurniawan Budiarto

Abstract


Pest management in the agricultural process has faced worldwide economic and ecological issues related to chemicals usage. Botanical insecticides have long been considered promising alternatives to control pests because botanicals reputedly pose a minor threat to the environment and human health. Some studies have evaluated several botanical insecticides to control aphids in chrysanthemum. The research was conducted under plastic house conditions at the Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute from January to December 2018. Leaf extract of T. sinensis, T. diversifolia and A. indica at the concentration of 3 and 3.5 g/l, processed oil of C. nardus at the concentration of 2.5 and 5 g/l and synthetic insecticide Imidacloprid 1 g/l were sprayed in the morning or late afternoon. The results showed that aphid attacks severity and percentage of attacked plants were lower when the insecticides were applied in the late afternoon. Slightly softer than synthetic chemicals, the leaf extract of T. sinensis at 3 g/l suppressed the aphid development more effective for about 55.93% than other botanicals treatments. On reproductive properties, the leaf extract of T. sinensis at 3 and 3 g/l and T. diversifolia at 3 g/l induced a higher percentage of open flower for more than 65% than synthetic insecticides, Imidacloprid.

Keywords


Aphids; Application period; Biological control; Botanical insecticides; Chrysanthemum

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adfa, M., Kusnanda, A. J., Saputra, W. D., Banon, C., Efdi, M., & Koketsu, M. (2017). Termiticidal activity of Toona sinensis wood vinegar against Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 10(4), 1088–1093. DOI

Ali, H. B. (2017). Seasonal population abundance of the chrysanthemum aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in the midde of Iraq with pictorail key to species. Bulletion of Iraq Natural History Museum, 14(4), 315–328. DOI

Asogwa, E. U., Ndubuaku, T. C. N., Ugwu, J. a, & Awe, O. O. (2010). Prospects of botanical pesticides from neem, Azadirachta indica for routine protection of cocoa farms against the brown cocoa mirid - Sahlbergella singularis in Nigeria. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(1), 1–6. DOI

Bezerra-Silva, G. C. D., Silva, M. A., Vendramim, J. D., & Dias, C. T. D. S. (2012). Insecticidal and behavioral effects of secondary metabolites from Meliaceae on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Florida Entomologist, 95(3), 743–751. DOI

Charleston, D. S., Gols, R., Hordijk, K. A., Kfir, R., Vet, L. E. M., & Dicke, M. (2006). Impact of botanical pesticides derived from Melia azedarach and Azadirachta indica plants on the emission of volatiles that attract parasitoids of the diamondback moth to cabbage plants. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 32(2), 325–349. DOI

Chaudhary, S., Kanwar, R. K., Alka, S., Cahill, D. M., Barrow, C. J., Sehgal, R., & Kanwar, J. R. (2017). Progress on Azadirachta indica based biopesticides in replacing synthetic toxic pesticides. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 610. DOI

Cichocka, E., Goszcznski, W., & Lubiarz, M. (2015). Chemical and physiological changes caused by aphids feeding on their host plants. Polish Journal of Entomology, 84, 233–248. DOI

El-Wakeil, N. E. (2013). Botanical pesticides and their mode of action. Gesunde Pflanzen, 65(4), 125–149. DOI

Emam, A. S. (2016). Biological control of the Chrysanthemum aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillete) by release Coccinella septempunctata l. on chrysanthemum plants. Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology-Mansoura University, 7(5), 291–295.

Gholamzadeh-Chitgar, M., & Pourmoradi, S. (2017). An evaluation of the effect of botanical insecticide, palizin in comparison with chemical insecticide, imidacloprid on the black citrus aphid, Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe and its natural enemy, Aphidius colemani Viereck. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 57(2), 101–106. DOI

Grdiša, M., & Gršić, K. (2013). Botanical insecticides in plant protection. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 78(2), 85–93.Retrived from website

Green, P. W. C., Belmain, S. R., Ndakidemi, P. A., Farrell, I. W., & Stevenson, P. C. (2017). Insecticidal activity of Tithonia diversifolia and Vernonia amygdalina. Industrial Crops and Products, 110(August), 15–21. DOI

Hanudin, Nuryani, W., Yusuf, E. S., & Marwoto, B. (2011). Biopestisida organik berbahan aktif Bacillus subtilis dan Pseudomonas fluorescens untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu Fusarium pada anyelir. Jurnal Hortikultura, 21(212), 152–163. DOI

Hartati, S. Y. (2012). Prospek pengembangan minyak atsiri sebagai pestisida nabati. Perspektif, 11(1), 45–58. Retrived from PDF

Hussain, A., Razaq, M., Zaka, S. M., Shahzad, W., & Mahmood, K. (2015). Effect of aphid infestation on photosynthesis, growth and yield of Brassica carinata A. Braun. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 47(5), 1335–1340. Retrived from PDF

Hutapea, D., Rahardjo, I. B., & Marwoto, B. (2019). Abundance and diversity of natural enemies related to chrysanthemum aphid suppression with botanical insecticides. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 399(1), 012103. DOI

Hutapea, D., Rahardjo, I. B., Marwoto, B., & Soehendi, R. (2020). Potensi insektisida nabati dalam mengendalikan Aphis gossypii pada tanaman gerbera dan kompatibilitasnya dengan predator Menochilus sexmaculatus. Jurnal Hortikultura, 30(1), 75–86. DOI

Irfan, M. (2016). Uji pestisida nabati terhdap hama dan penyakit tanaman. Jurnal Agroteknologi, 6(2), 39–45. DOI

Kurniawan, N., Yulani, & Rachmadiarti, F. (2013). Uji bioaktivitas ekstrak daun Suren (Toona sinensis) terhadap mortalitas larva Plutella xylostella pada tanaman sawi hijau. Lentera Bio, 2(3), 203–206. Retrieved from website

Lawal, F., Aliyu, R. ., Adamu, A. ., Lawal, F., Aliyu, R. ., & Adamu, A. . (2015). Efficacy of aqueous neem seed extract in the control of green peach aphids (Myzus persicae Sulzer) on chili pepper (Capsicum annum L.). Journal of Agriculture and Crops, 1(5), 57–62. Retrived from website

Li, W., Lu, Z., Li, L., Yu, Y., Dong, S., Men, X., & Ye, B. (2018). Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the performance of the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi. PLoS ONE, 13(9), 1–13. DOI

Meyer, G. A., & Whitlow, T. H. (1992). Effects of leaf and sap feeding insects on photosynthetic rates of goldenrod. Oecologia, 92(4), 480–489. DOI

Miller, G. L., & Stoetzel, M. B. (1997). Aphids associated with chrysanthemums in the United States. Florida Entomologist, 80(2), 218–239. DOI

Mpumi, N., Machunda, R. L., Mtei, K. M., & Ndakidemi, P. A. (2020). Insecticidal efficacy of Syzygium aromaticum, Tephrosia vogelii and Croton dichogamus extracts against Plutella xylostella and Trichoplusiani on Brassica oleracea crop in Northern Tanzania. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 6(1), 185–202. DOI

Nicolopoulou-Stamati, P., Maipas, S., Kotampasi, C., Stamatis, P., & Hens, L. (2016). Chemical pesticides and human health: the urgent need for a new concept in agriculture. Frontiers in Public Health, 4, 1–8. DOI

Noviana, E., Sholahuddin, & Widadi, S. (2012). Uji potensi ekstrak daun suren (Toona sureni) sebagai insektisida ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura) pada tanaman kedelai. Biofarmasi, 10(2), 46–53. DOI

Nowinszky, L., & Puskás, J. (2013). Influence of daily temperature ranges on the light trapped number of Macrolepidoptera individuals and species. Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology, 4(2), 45–49. Retrived from website

Nurmasyah. (2014). Pengaruh interval aplikasi dan waktu penyemprotan pestisida banatai serai wangi terhadap hama Helopeltis antonii pada tanaman kakao. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah Dan Obat, 25(1), 53–60. DOI

Pangihutan, J. C., Rochman, N., & Mulyaningsih, Y. (2016). Daya insektisida ekstrak daun ki pahit (Tithonia diversifolia (Hasmley) A. Gray) dan tembelekan (Lantana camara L.) terhadap hama gudang Callosbruchus maculatus F. Jurnal Agronida, 2(1), 1–9. Retrieved from website

Parvin, S., Zeng, X.-N., & Islam, T. (2012). Bioactivity of Indonesian mahogany, Toona sureni (Blume) (Meliaceae), against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 56(3), 354–358. DOI

Pathak, C. S., & Tiwari, S. K. (2012). Insecticidal action of neem seed (Azadirachta indica A . Juss ) acetone extract against the life-cycle stages of rice-moth, Corcyra cephalonica Staint (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae). World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(5), 529–536. DOI

Pavela, R. (2009). Effectiveness of some botanical insecticides against Spodoptera littoralis Boisduvala (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae), Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Plant Protection Science, 45(4), 161–167. Retrived from PDF

Pinto, E. S., Barros, E. M., Torres, J. B., & Neves, R. C. dos S. (2013). The control and protection of cotton plants using natural insecticides against the colonization by Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Acta Scientiarum Agronomy, 35(2), 169–174. DOI

Prasannath, K. (2016). Botanical insecticides - Special references to horticultural insect pest management : A review. International Journal of Advanced Research and Review, 1(5), 14–18. Retrieved from PDF

Pringle, E. G., Novo, A., Ableson, I., Barbehenn, R. V, & Vannette, R. L. (2014). Plant-derived differences in the composition of aphid honeydew and their effects on colonies of aphid-tending ants. Ecology and Evolution, 4(21), 4065–4079. DOI

Pumnuan, J., Khurnpoon, L., & Insung, A. (2017). Insecticidal activity of essential oil formulas and their physiological effects on eggplant. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 19(2), 152–158. DOI

Purba, R. P., Bakti, D., & Sitepu, S. F. (2015). Hubungan persentase serangan dengan estimasi kehilangan hasil akibat serangan hama penggerek buah kopi Hypothenemus hampei Ferr. (Coleoptera : Scolytidae) di Kabupaten Simalungun. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 3(2), 790–799.

Rahardjo, I. B., Marwoto, B., & Budiarto, K. (2020). Efficacy of selected plant extracts to control leaf miner (Lyriomyza spp.) in chrysanthemum. Agrivita, 42(1), 37–44. DOI

Saicharan, M., Anitha, V., Srilatha, D., & Kameshwari, L. (2017). Germplasm evaluation of chrysanthemum for resistance to aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanbornii ( Gillette ). International Journal of Pure and Applied Bioscience, 5(4), 1508–1512. DOI

Santoni, A., Nurdin, H., Manjang, Y., & Achmad, S. A. (2009). Minyak atsiri dari Toona sinensis dan uji aktifitas insektisida. Jurnal Riset Kimia, 2(2), 101–102. DOI

Subandi, M., Chaidir, L., & Nurjanah, U. (2016). Keefektifan insektisida BPMC dan ekstrak daun suren terhadap hama wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) dan populasi musuh alami pada padi varietas ciherang. Jurnal Agrikultura, 27(3), 160–166. DOI

Suhardi. (2009). Sumber inokulum, respons varietas , dan efektivitas fungisida terhadap penyakit karat putih pada tanaman krisan. Jurnal Hortikultura, 19(2), 207–213. DOI

Valizadeh, M., Deraison, C., Kazemitabar, S. K., Rahbe, Y., & Jongsma, M. A. (2013). Aphid resistance in florist’s chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) induced by sea anemone equistatin overexpression. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12(50), 6922–6930. DOI

Wang, C., Cao, J., Tian, S., Wang, Y., Chen, Z., Chen, M., & Gong, G. (2008). Germplasm resources research of Toona sinensis with RAPD and isoenzyme analysis. Biologia, 63(3), 320–326. DOI

Wardhana, A. H., & Diana, N. (2014). Aktivitas biolarvasidal ekstrak metanol dain ki pahit (Tithonia diversifolia) terhdap larva lalat Chrysomya bezziana. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Dan Veteriner, 19(1), 43–51. DOI

Yusuf, E. S., Budiarto, K., & Rahardjo, I. B. (2019). Evaluation of Cladosporium sp. mycoparacites as biocontrol agents of white rust disease on chrysanthemum. Agrivita, 41(3), 405–415. DOI

Zeb, Q., Naeem, M., Khan, S. A., & Ahmad, S. (2016). Effect of insecticides on the population of aphids, natural enemies and yield components of wheat. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 48(6), 1839–1848. Retrived from PDF




DOI: http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v43i3.2669

Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.