Growth and Development of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Fed on Artificial Diets Enriched with Wild Host Plants

Dellania Eka Rindiani, Siti Herlinda, Suwandi Suwandi

Abstract


The quality of artificial diets is important to produce high quality cultures of S. frugiperda. The research aimed to determine the effect of artificial diets based on wild plants on the growth and development of Spodoptera frugiperda. The plants used for enriching artificial diets were Zea mays (control), Ipomoea aquatic, Ipomoea reptans, Amaranthus hybridus, Morus rubra, Brachiaria mutica, and Setaria sphacelata. The results showed that S. frugiperda larvae consuming artificial diets enriched with A. hybridus, Z. mays, I. reptans, and I. aquatic leaves had higher body weight, lower larval mortality and abnormal pupae compared to those of B. mutica, S. sphacelata and M. rubra leaves. The adult females from larvae-consuming diets enriched with A. hybridus, Z. mays, I. reptans, I. aquatica, and S. sphacelata leaves had higher fecundity compared to those of other diets. However, diet enriched with S. sphacelata leaves caused higher larval mortality. Thus, the more suitable diets to increase the larval growth and survival, and adult emergence and fecundity were the diets enriched with wild host plants (A. hybridus, I. reptans, and I. aquatic leaves). Using weed or wild host plant leaves to produce artificial diets is feasible for mass-rearing S. frugiperda.


Keywords


Amaranthus hybridus; Brachiaria mutica; Ipomoea aquatic; Ipomoea reptans; Setaria sphacelata

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adeyeye, E., & Omolayo, F. (2011). Chemical composition and functional properties of leaf protein concentrates of Amaranthus hybridus and Telfairia occidentalis. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 2(3), 499–511. https://doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2011.2.3.499.511

Aggarwal, C., Paul, S., Paul, B., Khan, M. A., & Tyagi, S. P. (2014). A modified semi-synthetic diet for bioassay of non-sporeforming entomopathogenic bacteria against Spodoptera litura. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 24(10), 1202–1205. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2014.926858

Alam, M., Haque, M., Sumi, K., & Ali, M. (2015). Proximate composition of para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) produced in integrated fish-fodder culture system. Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science, 44(2), 113–119. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i2.26011

Ashok, K., & Babu, M. (2021). Larvicidal activity of grass weed Setaria viridis extracts. International Journal of Zoological Investigations, 7(2), 596–599. https://doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2021.v07i02.041

Ashok, K., Balasubramani, V., Kennedy, J. S., Geethalakshmi, V., Jeyakumar, P., & Sathiah, N. (2021). Evaluating artificial diets for the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) through nutritional indices and an age- stage, two-sex life table approach. African Entomology, 29(2), 620–634. https://doi.org/10.4001/003.029.0620

Ashouri, S., Osouli, S., & Ahmadi, M. (2022). Comparative study of different artificial diets on the biology of beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 42(3), 183–193. https://doi.org/10.52547/jesi.42.3.2

Ayaşan, T., Cetinkaya, N., Aykanat, S., & Celik, C. (2020). Nutrient contents and in vitro digestibility of different parts of corn plant. South African Journal of Animal Science, 50(2), 302–309. https://doi.org/10.4314/SAJAS.V50I2.13

Di Bello, M. M., Souza, B. H. S., Nogueira, L., Ribeiro, Z. A., Eduardo, W. I., & Júnior, A. L. B. (2017). Optimization of methodology for rearing Spodoptera albula on artificial diet. Neotropical Entomology, 46(5), 546–553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-017-0490-6

Dumas, P., Legeai, F., Lemaitre, C., Scaon, E., Orsucci, M., Labadie, K., Gimenez, S., Clamens, A.-L., Henri, H., Vavre, F., Aury, J.-M., Fournier, P., Kergoat, G. J., & d’Alençon, E. (2015). Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) host-plant variants: two host strains or two distinct species? Genetica, 143(3), 305–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-015-9829-2

Ge, S., Chu, B., He, W., Jiang, S., Lv, C., Gao, L., Sun, X., Yang, X., & Wu, K. (2022). Wheat-bran-based artificial diet for mass culturing of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Insects, 13, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13121177

Ginting, S., Zarkani, A., Wibowo, R. H., & Sipriyadi. (2020). New invasive pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) attacking corn in Bengkulu, Indonesia. Serangga, 25, 105–117. https://ejournal.ukm.my/serangga/article/view/37333/10424

Gustianingtyas, M., Herlinda, S., & Suwandi, S. (2021). The endophytic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their pathogenecity against the new invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Biodiversitas, 22(2), 1051–1062. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220262

Gvozdenac, S., Indjic, D., Vukovic, S., Grahovac, M., & Tanaskovic, S. (2012). Antifeeding activity of several plant extracts against Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) larvae. Pestic. Phytomed, 27(4), 305–311. https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1204305g

Harrison, R. D., Thierfelder, C., Baudron, F., Chinwada, P., Midega, C., Scha, U., & Berg, J. Van Den. (2019). Agro-ecological options for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith) management: Providing low-cost, smallholder friendly solutions to an invasive pest. Journal of Environmental Management, 243, 318–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.011

Herlinda, S., Gustianingtyas, M., Suwandi, S., Suharjo, R., Sari, J. M. P., & Lestari, R. P. (2021). Endophytic fungi confirmed as entomopathogens of the new invasive pest, the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), infesting maize in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 31, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00470-x

Herlinda, S., Gustianingtyas, M., Suwandi, S., Suharjo, R., Sari, J. M. P., Suparman, S., Hamidson, H., & Hasyim, H. (2022a). Endophytic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) in seed-treated corn suppressing Spodoptera frugiperda growth. Biodiversitas, 23(11), 6013–6020. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d231156

Herlinda, S., Octariati, N., Suwandi, S., & Hasbi. (2020). Exploring entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) soil and their pathogenicity against a new invasive maize pest, Spodoptera frugiperda. Biodiversitas, 21(7), 2955–2965. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210711

Herlinda, S., Simbolon, I. M. P., Hasbi, Suwandi, S., & Suparman. (2022b). Host plant species of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in South Sumatra. In Sriwijaya Conference on Sustainable Environment, Agriculture and Farming System (Vol. 995, pp. 1–5). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/995/1/012034

Herlinda, S., Suharjo, R., Sinaga, M. E., Fawwazi, F., & Suwandi, S. (2022c). First report of occurrence of corn and rice strains of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in South Sumatra, Indonesia and its damage in maize. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 21(6), 412–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2021.11.003

Hutasoit, R. T., Kalqutny, S. H., & Widiarta, I. N. (2020). Spatial distribution pattern, bionomic, and demographic parameters of a new invasive species of armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae) in maize of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21(8), 3576–3582. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210821

Iqbal, S., Younas, U., Sirajuddin, Chan, K. W., Sarfraz, R. A., & Md. Kamal Uddin. (2012). Proximate composition and antioxidant potential of leaves from three varieties of mulberry (Morus sp.): A comparative study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 13(6), 6651–6664. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13066651

Jat, B. L., Dahiya, K. K., Rolania, K., & Yadav, S. S. (2020). Standardization of artificial diet for the mass rearing of Helicoverpa armigera Standardization of artificial diet for the mass rearing of Helicoverpa armigera. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 48(1), 55–63. https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJPP/article/view/107095

Javar, S., Sajap, A. S., Mohamed, R., & Hong, L. W. (2013). Suitability of Centella asiatica (pegagan) as a food source for rearing Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 53(2), 184–189. https://doi.org/10.2478/jppr-2013-0028

Jin, T., Lin, Y. Y., Chi, H., Xiang, K. P., Ma, G. C., Peng, Z. Q., & Yi, K. X. (2020). Comparative performance of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on various cereal-based artificial diets. Journal of Economic Entomology, 113(6), 2986–2996. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa198

Kalita, P., Mukhopadhyay, P. K., & Mukherjee, A. K. (2007). Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic weeds from northeast India for the formulation of cost-effective fish feeds. Food Chemistry, 103(1), 204–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.08.007

Kamaruddin, N. A., Mohd Hanafee, N. A., Ali, N., Liew, S., & Yasin, N. Y. (2021). Nutritional Assessment of Setaria sphacelata and Cleome gynandra as Potential for Ruminant Feed. Journal Of Agrobiotechnology, 12, 166–173. https://doi.org/10.37231/jab.2021.12.1s.282

Lestari, P., Budiarti, A., Fitriana, Y., Susilo, F., Swibawa, I. G., Sudarsono, H., Suharjo, R., Hariri, A. M., Purnomo, Nuryasin, Solikhin, Wibobo, L., Jumari, & Hartaman, M. (2020). Identification and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21(4), 1670–1677. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210448

Montezano, D. G., Specht, A., Sosa-gómez, D. R., & Brasília, U. De. (2018). Host plants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) in the Americas. African Entomology, 26, 286–300. https://doi.org/10.4001/003.026.0286

Morrill, W. L., Pen-Elec, N., & Almazon, L. P. (1990). Effects of weeds on fecundity and survival of Leptocorisa oratorius (Hemiptera: Alydidae). Environmental Entomology, 19(6), 1469–1472. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/19.5.1469

Mukkun, L., Kleden, Y. L., & Simamora, A. V. (2021). Detection of Spodoptera frugiperda (J . E . Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize field in East Flores District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. International Journal of Tropical Drylands, 5(1), 20–26. https://doi.org/10.13057/tropdrylands/t050104

Navasero, M. M., Navasero, M. V, Montecalvo, M. P., & Candano, R. N. (2021). Effects of larval diets on growth and development of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. ISSAAS, 27(2), 176–185. http://issaasphil.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/14.-Navasero-et-al.-2021.-Spodoptera-larval-diets-FINAL.pdf

Otim, M. H., Tay, W. T., Walsh, T. K., Kanyesigye, D., Adumo, S., Abongosi, J., Ochen, S., Sserumaga, J., Alibu, S., Abalo, G., Asea, G., & Agona, A. (2018). Detection of sister-species in invasive populations of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) from Uganda. Plos One, 13, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194571

Pinto, J. R. L., Torres, A. F., Truzi, C. C., Vieira, N. F., Vacari, A. M., & De Bortoli, S. A. (2019). Artificial corn-based diet for rearing Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Insect Science, 19(4), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iez052

Rahayu, S. E., Leksono, A. S., Gama, Z. P., & Tarno, H. (2023). The effect of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L.) on the mortality rate of Spodoptera litura Fabricius larvae and the level of damage to soybean leaves in Malang, Indonesia: A greenhouse simulation. AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 45(1), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v45i1.3745

Ramos, R. da S., da Silva, C. A. D., Lima, T. de A., Albuquerque Junior, P. de S., Castellani, M. A., Serrão, J. E., & Zanuncio, J. C. (2022). Development, survival and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed an artificial diet or on cotton, castor bean and corn leaves. Insects, 13(5), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13050428

Rattan, R. S. (2010). Mechanism of action of insecticidal secondary metabolites of plant origin. Crop Protection, 29, 913–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2010.05.008

Russianzi, W., Anwar, R., & Triwidodo, H. (2021). Biostatistics of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in maize plants in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 22(6), 3463–3469. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220655

Saleh, S., Yunus, M., Asih, D. N., Sulaeman, S., Chansa, S. Y., Wibawa, I. G. L., & Natasyah, A. (2023). Sustainable pest control against fall armyworm constrained by limited knowledge and skills of maize farmers: A case study in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In N. Edy, A. Alam, S. Rijal, R. Pratama, A. Wibowo, & A. A. Kasim (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Interdisciplinary Conference on Environmental Sciences and Sustainable Developments 2022 Environment and Sustainable Development (IICESSD-ESD 2022) (Vol. 36, pp. 164–170). Atlantis Press International BV. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-334-4_28

Sari, J. M. P., Herlinda, S., & Suwandi, S. (2022). Endophytic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) in seed‑treated corn seedlings affecting development of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 32(103), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-022-00605-8

Sartiami, D., Dadang, Harahap, I., Kusumah, Y., & Anwar, R. (2020). First record of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Indonesia and its occurence in three provinces. In IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 468 012021 (pp. 1–8). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/468/1/012021

Sayed, W. A. A., El-Helaly, A., Jamal, Z. A., & El-Bendary, H. (2021). Effect of a low cost diet on the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrosis virus pathogenicity and sterile insect technique. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 31, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00464-9

Shariff, A. H. M., Shapiai, N. A., Zakaria, M., Akanda, J. M. H., Noor, N. Q. I. M., Yusop, M. H. M., & Razali, U. H. M. (2019). Proximate compositions of Ipomea aquatic Forsk. (leaf, petiole and stem) from Lubok Bungor, Jeli, Kelantan. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2155, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5125564

Silva, C. T. D. S., Wanderley-Teixeira, V., Cunha, F. M. D., Oliveira, J. V. D., Dutra, K. D. A., Navarro, D. M. D. A. F., & Teixeira, Á. A. C. (2016). Biochemical parameters of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) treated with citronella oil (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor) and its influence on reproduction. Acta Histochemica, 118(4), 347–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2016.03.004

Silva, D. M. D., Bueno, A. D. F., Andrade, K., Stecca, C. D. S., Neves, P. M. O. J., & Oliveira, M. C. N. D. (2017). Biology and nutrition of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed on different food sources. Scientia Agricola, 74(1), 18–31. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2015-0160

Sreelakshmi, P., & Mathew, T. B. (2017). Development of castor based oligidic diet for tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and its comparative study with other artificial and natural diets. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5(3), 1040–1044. https://www.entomoljournal.com/archives/2017/vol5issue3/PartO/5-3-23-522.pdf

Supartha, I. W., Susila, I. W., Sunari, A. A. A. A. S., Mahaputra, I. G. F., Yudha, I. K. W., & Wiradana, P. A. (2021). Damage characteristics and distribution patterns of invasive pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize crop in Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 22(6), 3378–3387. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220645

Thamrin, S., Zuliana, N. S., Sjam, S., & Melina. (2022). The effect of artificial diet made of soybeans (Glycine max L.) on the rearing of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae). Journal of Tropical Plant Pests and Diseases, 22(2), 109–115. https://doi.org/10.23960/jhptt.222109-115

Villegas-Mendoza, J. M., & Rosas-García, N. M. (2013). Visual and gustatory responses of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae to artificial food dyes. Florida Entomologist, 96(3), 1102–1106. https://doi.org/10.1653/024.096.0350

Wheeler, D. (1996). The role of nourishment in oogenesis. Annual Review of Entomology, 41(1), 407–431. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.41.010196.002203




DOI: http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v46i3.4427

Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.