Somatic embryos induction of East Kalimantan local upland rice (Oryza sativa L) cultivars and in vitro selection against salinity

Nurhasanah Nurhasanah, Muktirianur Muktirianur, Bambang Supriyanto, Widi Sunaryo

Abstract


Saline soilis a type of marginal land containing salt. The most effective solution for the utilization of saline soils as agricultural land is using salinity-tolerant varieties. This study aims to induce somatic embryogenesis of local upland rice cultivars from East Kalimantan and to increase their tolerance against salinity. There were two series of experiments in this study. The first experiment was inducing the formation of somatic embryos of four local rice cultivars, namely Buyung, Siam, KetalunTawar, and SeraiGunung, using three different types of media. The second experiment wasinducingthe tolerance level ofsomatic embryos against salinity using medium containing 0 mM; 50 mM; 100 mM; 150 mM; 200 mMNaCl. The results showed that the best medium in inducing somatic embryos was media containing 1 mg L-1 2,4-D + 0,5 mg L-1 BAP. This medium was able to form the highest percentage of the non-compact callus structure having cream and white color on the four local upland rice varieties. More than 70% of somatic embryos were tolerant against salinity (NaCl 200 mM). However, only somatic embryos derived from SeraiGunung variety could regenerate into plantlets, from selection medium containing 50 mMNaCland 200 mMNaCl.

Keywords


Local upland rice; saline soil; somatic embryo; in vitro selection; East Kalimantan

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DOI: http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v0i0.2193

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