Diversity and Community Structure of Arthropods on Rice Ecosystem

J. Jauharlina, H. Hasnah, M. Ikram Taufik

Abstract


Arthropods biodiversity on a rice ecosystem plays an important role related to the pest management. This research aimed to investigate the diversity and community structure of arthropods in the rice ecosystem. It was conducted in Lembah Seulawah, Aceh Besar Regency, Indonesia from February to August 2016. Sweep net was used to collect insects on four rice plots at 35, 45 and 55 days after transplanting (DAT) as vegetative, transition and generative stages respectively. Result showed that the twenty-five morpho-species found at vegetative stage and it was the highest. They were categorized as phytophagous insects, spiders, predatory insects, parasitoid, and neutral insects. Each arthropod’s category was in the higher abundance at vegetative stage, except for phytophagous arthropod. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') was significantly higher at vegetative stage than the remaining stages, while Simpson Dominance index (C) and Species Evenness (E) indices were not significantly different among the three observed stages.


Keywords


Biological control; Food crop; Natural enemies; Parasitoid; Predator

Full Text:

PDF

References


As’ad, M. F., Kaidi, F., & Syarief, M. (2018). Status resistensi walang sangit (Leptocorisa acuta F.) terhadap insektisida sintetik dan kepekaannya terhadap Beauveria bassiana pada tanaman padi. AGRIPRIMA Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 2(1), 79–86. crossref

Baba, Y. G., Tanaka, K., & Kusumoto, Y. (2019). Changes in spider diversity and community structure along abandonment and vegetation succession in rice paddy ecosystems. Ecological Engineering, 127, 235–244. crossref

Betz, L., & Tscharntke, T. (2017). Enhancing spider families and spider webs in Indian rice fields for conservation biological control, considering local and landscape management. Journal of Insect Conservation, 21(3), 495–508. crossref

Borkhani, F. R., Rezvanfar, A., Fami, H. S., & Pouratashi, M. (2010). Investigating the major barriers to adoption of IPM technologies by paddy farmers. American-Eurasian Journal of Toxicological Sciences, 2(3), 146–152. Retrieved from website

Chagnon, M., Kreutzweiser, D., Mitchell, E. A. D., Morrissey, C. A., Noome, D. A., & Van der Sluijs, J. P. (2015). Risks of large-scale use of systemic insecticides to ecosystem functioning and services. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(1), 119–134. crossref

Gill, H. K., & Garg, H. (2014). Pesticides: Environmental impacts and management strategies. In M. L. Larramendy & S. Soloneski (Eds.), Pesticides - Toxic Aspects. IntechOpen. crossref

Kalsum, U., & Romza, E. (2013). Pengamatan hama penyakit dan musuh alami hama tanaman padi di Desa Banyu Urip Kecamatan Tanjung Lago Kabupaten Banyuasin. Palembang. Retrieved from website

Khaliq, A., Javed, M., Sohail, M., & Sagheer, M. (2014). Environmental effects on insects and their population dynamics. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 2(2), 1–7. Retrieved from pdf

Landsman, A. P., & Bowman, J. L. (2017). Discordant response of spider communities to forests disturbed by deer herbivory and changes in prey availability. Ecosphere, 8(2), e01703. crossref

Luo, Y., Fu, H., & Traore, S. (2014). Biodiversity conservation in rice paddies in China: Toward ecological sustainability. Sustainability, 6(9), 6107–6124. crossref

Matthews, G. (2003). Integrated pest management - Practice. In Encyclopedia of Applied Plant Sciences (pp. 609–614). Oxford: Elsevier. crossref

Oksanen, J. (2019). Vegan: ecological diversity. Retrieved from pdf

Ooi, P. A. C. (2015). Common insect pests of rice and their natural biological control: An illustrated guide to the insect pests that feed on rice plants and the organisms that feed on and control those pests. Utar Agriculture Science Journal, 1(1), 49–59. Retrieved from pdf

Ovawanda, E. A., Witjaksono, W., & Trisyono, Y. A. (2016). Insect biodiversity in organic and non-organic rice ecosystem in the District of Bantul. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 20(1), 15–21. crossref

Price, P. W., Denno, R. F., Eubanks, M. D., Finke, D. L., & Kaplan, I. (2011). Insect ecology: Behavior, populations and communities. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. crossref

R. Core Team. (2016). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from website

Samharinto, S., Abadi, A. L., Raharjo, B. T., & Halim, H. (2012). The increase of arthropods biodiversity in paddy field ecosystem managed by using integrated pest management at South Borneo. Journal of Tropical Life Science, 2(3), 72–76. crossref

Sanda, N. B., & Sunusi, M. (2014). Fundamentals of biological control of pests. International Journal of Clinical & Biological Sciences, 1(6), 1–11. crossref

Siregar, A. Z., Md. Rawi, C. S., Ahmad, A. H., & Nasution, Z. (2016). Agriocnemis femina (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) and its significance in environmental parameters of rice pests in Northern Sumatra-Indonesia. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 09(08), 71–76. crossref

Stenberg, J. A. (2017). A conceptual framework for integrated pest management. Trends in Plant Science, 22(9), 759–769. crossref

Tanaka, K. (2016). Functional biodiversity indicators and their evaluation methods in Japanese farmlands. In K. Yagi & C. G. Kuo (Eds.), The Challenges of Agro-Environmental Research in Monsoon Asia (pp. 159–169). Tsukuba, Japan: National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES). Retrieved from website

Tarno, H., Septia, E. D., & Aini, L. Q. (2016). Microbial community associated with ambrosia beetle, Euplatypus parallelus on sonokembang, Pterocarpus indicus in Malang. AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 38(3), 312–320. crossref

Thorburn, C. (2015). The rise and demise of integrated pest management in rice in Indonesia. Insects, 6(2), 381–408. crossref

Tsutsui, M. H., Kobayashi, K., & Miyashita, T. (2018). Temporal trends in arthropod abundances after the transition to organic farming in paddy fields. PLoS ONE, 13(1), e0190946. crossref

Ueno, T. (2013). Bioindicators of biodiversity and farming practice in rice paddies. International Journal of Chemical, Environmental & Biological Sciences (IJCEBS), 1(1), 84–87. Retrieved from pdf

Zhang, J., Zheng, X., Jian, H., Qin, X., Yuan, F., & Zhang, R. (2013). Arthropod biodiversity and community structures of organic rice ecosystems in Guangdong Province, China. Florida Entomologist, 96(1), 1–9. crossref




DOI: http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.2160

Copyright (c) 2019 UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.